Arrested UDP chair ‘illegally’ received $12m from China, says President’s Office

The government will ask the election commission to investigate whether party used illegal money to fund its activities

Nyan Hlaing Lin

Published on Oct 15, 2020

Min Min

Published on Oct 15, 2020

Zaw Htay addresses a press conference in Naypyitaw on Thursday (Nyan Hlaing Lin/Myanmar Now)

The chair of the United Democratic Party (UDP), Kyaw Myint, violated anti-money laundering laws by receiving 16bn kyat ($12.2m) from China in 2015, the President’s Office spokesperson has said.

Zaw Htay told a press conference in Naypyitaw on Thursday that the disgraced party leader could receive a ten-year prison sentence for the offence.

He did not give details about who sent the money, but said that Kyaw Myint later spent 1.4bn kyat ($1.07m) to fund the UDP’s activities.

The party is fielding more candidates than the opposition Union Solidarity and Development Party for the November 8 election, even though it has never elected an MP and was little known until recently.

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The President’s Office will now ask the Union Election Commission (UEC) to examine whether Kyaw Myint violated the Political Parties Registration Law by using money that was obtained illegally.

Kyaw Myint also imported construction materials from China without an import license, and there were no records of any tax payments for those trades, said Zaw Htay.

“The money in U Kyaw Myint’s bank accounts was transferred from China through unofficial hundi services,” he said. “We found out that 16.315 billion kyat was transferred into the UAB and AYA bank accounts of Myanmar Kyaw Investment... from China in 2015.”

Kyaw Myint escaped from Mandalay’s Obo prison and fled Myanmar in 1999 after being convicted of violating business laws. He returned in 2013 and was somehow able to live freely until last month, when police arrested him at his home in Yangon.

A prison official has said he will be made to serve the remainder of his nine-year sentence, and he has also been charged with the crime of escaping, which carries a maximum two-year sentence.

Kyaw Myint also made over 500m kyat in interest from loans between 2016 and 2020 but did not have a license to lend money from the Central Bank of Myanmar, Zaw Htay added.

Making loans without a license can carry a prison sentence of up to five years, he said.

No-shows

The UEC has already begun an investigation into the UDP’s finances.

Executives from the party were summoned for questioning by the commission on Wednesday but failed to show up, said Thein Htwe, the commission’s vice-chair.

Instead the party sent a letter asking for the appointment to be rescheduled, he told Myanmar Now.

The letter said the UDP’s central office and head office for accounts were in Yangon, that the party was occupied with its election campaign, and that travelling to Naypyitaw from Yangon was difficult because of Covid-19 restrictions.

“We formed a team here in Naypyitaw because the party is headquartered here,” said Thein Htwe.

The UEC has instructed the team to conduct the investigation from October 14 until October 20 and then submit a report, he added.

election_commission_photo_by_nyan_hlaing_lin.jpg

UEC members wait for the UDP executives to show up for questioning in Naypyitaw on October 14 (Nyan Hlaing Lin/Myanmar Now)

Khin Maung Oo, the UEC’s director general, said the commission “would be proceeding as necessary” in response to the party’s failure to attend.

The UDP’s central joint secretary, Kyaw Zwar Htet Oo, said: “At a time like this, they have to decide on a suitable location. And if they keep on picking a place that’s not possible to get to, it’ll just be obvious this isn’t a fair decision.”

The UEC has the legal right to assign any of its subdivisions to run an investigation into a party.

A party that fails to follow the UEC’s requests can be banned from engaging in political activity for three years. The party can then be abolished if it keeps failing to cooperate.

The commission’s decision is final and the party does not have the right to appeal.

Kyaw Myint was arrested at his home in Yangon on September 29 and is being held under tight security to prevent him escaping again.

Ten witnesses have been summoned to testify but prosecutors said earlier this month they have been unable to track them down.

Kyaw Myint’s conviction in the 1990s related to a company he owned called Myanmar Kyone Yeom.

He was charged for breaches of the Myanmar Company Act but the US State Department later suggested his company was involved in laundering drug money for the United Wa State Army.

He founded the UDP in Canada in 2007 and the party contested the 2010 and 2015 elections with a few dozen candidates but failed to win any seats.

This year it is fielding over 1,130 candidates, the second largest number after the National League for Democracy.

Nyan Hlaing Lin

Nyan Hlaing Lin is Senior Reporter with Myanmar Now

Min Min

Min Min is Naypyidaw-based reporter with Myanmar Now.

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Win Htein to be tried by tribunal of two judges, says his lawyer

Announcement came as court postponed the 82-year-old’s third hearing, meaning his request for bail on health grounds was not considered

Myanmar Now

Published on Mar 19, 2021

Win Htein arrives for the opening ceremony of the second session of the Union Peace Conference in 2017 (EPA-EFE)

Detained National League for Democracy party stalwart Win Htein is to be tried by a special tribunal of two judges following an order from the military-controlled Supreme Court, his lawyer said on Friday.

“It was just one judge before, and now there’s two,” Min Min Soe told Myanmar Now.

“District judge Ye Lwin will serve as chair, and deputy district judge Soe Naing will be a member of the tribunal,” she added.

Win Htein faces up to a 20-year prison sentence for sedition under section 124a of the Penal Code.

His third hearing, scheduled for Friday, was postponed, with the court citing the internet shutdown as the reason because it made video conferencing impossible, Min Min Soe said.

“The arguments will be presented at the next hearing, we applied for bail but since they’re setting up a tribunal for the lawsuit, that will be discussed at the next hearing as well,” she said.

At the second hearing on March 5, Win Htein requested an independent judgement, a meeting with his lawyer, and bail due to his health issues, but the court said those requests would be heard on March 19.

Win Htein, 82, uses a wheelchair and suffers from breathing problems that means he often requires an oxygen tank. He also suffers from diabetes, high blood pressure, hypothyroidism and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Min Min Soe was allowed a brief call with her client on Friday to tell him that his hearing had been postponed until April 2.

Aye Lu, the chair of the Ottara district administration council in Naypyitaw, is the plaintiff in the lawsuit against Win Htein. Ottara district is where the NLD’s temporary headquarters are located.

Aye Lu filed the charge on February 4 and Win Htein was arrested that evening at his home in Yangon. He has been kept in the Naypyitaw detention center and denied visits from his lawyers.

He was detained after giving media interviews in the wake of the February 1 coup in which he said military chief Min Aung Hlaing had acted on personal ambition when seizing power.

On Wednesday the military council announced that it was investigating Aung San Suu Kyi for corruption, on top of other charges announced since her arrest.

Many other NLD leaders, party members and MPs have been arrested or are the subject of warrants.

Kyi Toe, a senior figure in the NLD, was arrested on Thursday night in Hledan, Yangon.

Myanmar Now

Myanmar Now is an independent news service providing free, accurate and unbiased news to the people of Myanmar in Burmese and English.

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Op-ed

Seeking justice in the wake of Myanmar’s coup

The country’s military leaders have acted with impunity for decades, but now there is a mechanism to bring them to justice

Lin Htet

Published on Mar 19, 2021

Nationwide protests against the coup have been responded with murders, torture and mass arrests by the military regime. (Myanmar Now)

On March 8, U Ko Ko Lay, a 62-year-old teacher, bled to death on a street in the Kachin state capital Myitkyina. He had been shot in the head while protesting the military coup of February 1. That same night, U Zaw Myat Lynn, an official from the National League for Democracy, was taken from his home in Shwepyithar on the outskirts of Yangon and tortured to death. The list keeps growing.

In the more than six weeks since Senior General Min Aung Hlaing seized power, images of soldiers and police officers shooting, beating, and arresting protesters have flooded social media and Myanmar and international news outlets. So far, the regime’s forces have killed well over 200 people (more than half of them in the past week) and seriously injured many more. The junta has also arrested nearly 2,200 people, some of whom, like U Zaw Myat Lynn, have died in custody.

Each day, Myanmar human rights organizations update lists with names, dates, locations, and causes of death. Around 600 police and a handful of soldiers have decided they do not want to be involved in such actions. They have left their posts and even joined the anti-coup movement.

Many soldiers, police officers, and commanding officers are acting with impunity now. But they can face prosecution, not only in Myanmar’s courts but also internationally. Like any country, Myanmar is subject to international law. Because of its history of atrocities, most recently against the Rohingya people, Myanmar is also already subject to special international legal proceedings that apply to the current situation.

The most relevant is the United Nations’ Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar (IIMM). The IIMM was created in 2018 after the Myanmar military’s brutal campaign against the Rohingya people, but it applies to the whole country. Its mission is to investigate “international crimes” from 2011 to the present.

International crimes are generally defined as “widespread and systematic” in nature, involving many victims and locations. These include crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide.

In keeping with its mandate, the IIMM is collecting information on the current situation. In a statement released on February 11 (available in Myanmar here), it highlighted the “use of lethal force against peaceful protesters and the detention of political leaders, members of civil society and protesters.”

More recently, on March 17, the IIMM also called on recipients of illegal orders to share this evidence so that those ultimately responsible for these crimes can be held accountable.

"The persons most responsible for the most serious international crimes are usually those in high leadership positions. They are not the ones who physically perpetrate the crimes and often are not even present at the locations where the crimes are committed,” the head of the IIMM, Nicholas Koumjian, says in the statement (available in Myanmar here).

The crimes the IIMM investigates could be tried in Myanmar courts, courts in other countries, or international courts. International crimes are crimes that are so serious that they are considered to be against the international community, and are therefore not limited to courts in one country.

In other words, an international crime committed in Myanmar—for example, widespread and systematic attacks on civilians—can be tried in a court in another country or in an international court.

The Myanmar military is used to getting away with murder. Decades of well-documented killing, rape, and torture of civilians in ethnic minority areas have gone unpunished. No one has ever been tried for the killing of protesters during previous mass uprisings against military rule in 1988 and 2007.

But this time may be different. On March 4, the International Commission of Jurists said in a statement that “the killing of peaceful protesters by Myanmar’s security forces should be independently investigated as possible crimes against humanity.”

The IIMM is already set up and working. It provides a mechanism for just such an investigation. Those doing the shooting should be aware of this.

For further information:

The Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar (IIMM) on Facebook

International Accountability Mechanisms for Myanmar (learning materials in English, Myanmar, and Karen)

Lin Htet is a pen name for a team of Myanmar and international writers

Lin Htet

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At least eight killed in junta’s bloody crackdown in Aungban, Shan State

A resident said armed forces used drones to monitor the crowd before opening fire on them

Myanmar Now

Published on Mar 19, 2021

Men carry a wounded protester in Aungban, Shan State, on the morning of March 19 (Supplied)

At least eight anti-coup protesters were killed in Aungban, southern Shan State, during an attack by the military junta on demonstrations on Friday morning, according to the Aungban Free Funeral Service Society.

Sixteen military trucks carrying more than 100 policemen and soldiers arrived at the protest site at around 9:00 a.m. and began shooting at protesters. Seven died at the scene, and another protester who had been shot in the neck was taken to Kalaw Hospital and died by 11:00 a.m.

All eight victims were men.

The body of the man who died at the hospital was sent to his family’s home, but those who were killed at the protest site were taken away by the junta’s armed forces, a representative of the Free Funeral Service Society told Myanmar Now.

Aungban resident Nay Lynn Tun told Myanmar Now that police and soldiers had destroyed the doors of nearby homes in order to arrest people, and that at least 10 people had been detained.

“Initially, police arrived at the site. When the crowd surrounded the police, armed soldiers arrived at the site and began firing,” he told Myanmar Now. “In the coming days, if we cannot gather to protest, we will do it in our own residential areas.”

Since March 13, around 300 volunteer night guards have watched over these residential areas to protect locals from the dangers posed by the junta’s nighttime raids. These forces use drone cameras to monitor the activities of the night guards from 3:00 a.m. until 5:00 a.m. every day, Nay Lynn Tun said.

He added that hours before Friday’s crackdown, military and police had also used drone cameras to monitor the gathering of protesters in Aungban.

Over the last week, at least 11 protesters have been arrested in Aungban. Only three-- the protesters who were minors-- were released.

South of Shan State, in the Kayah State capital of Loikaw, two pro-democracy protesters were also shot with live ammunition by the regime’s armed forces on Friday. One, 46-year-old Kyan Aung, was shot in the lower abdomen and died from his injuries. The other wounded protester was a nurse, according to eyewitnesses.

According to a March 18 tally by the advocacy group Assistance Association for Political Prisoners, at least 224 people have been killed across the country by junta’s armed forces since the February 1 coup. Thousands more have been arrested.