A Yangon township reels from an assault on young lives and human decency

Eight protesters were confirmed dead after Wednesday’s crackdowns in North Okkalapa, with dozens more injured and many others still unaccounted for

Published on Mar 6, 2021
 Relatives mourn at a memorial to honour a protester who has fallen in North Okkalapa. (Myanmar Now)
Relatives mourn at a memorial to honour a protester who has fallen in North Okkalapa. (Myanmar Now)

Win Khant Maung did not move. He had bruises all over his body. You only knew he was alive from the low moans he made as he lay there in agony.

The 18-year-old was arrested at around 10am on Wednesday for taking part in an anti-junta protest near Kantharyar park in Yangon’s North Okkalapa township.

After he was apprehended, Win Khant Maung was forced to spend the entire day in the back of a prison truck. At around 5pm, he was finally transferred to Insein prison, where police and military personnel brutally assaulted him, inflicting his near-fatal injuries.

Later that night, he and a number of others ended up at the Shwe Pauk Kan police station. The police informed a volunteer group, who then contacted ward officials. This is how the families of the detainees learned what had happened to them.

 

 

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Soldiers and police start burning tires used by protesters to form a barricade. (Myanmar Now)

 

 

Many were distraught when they saw how their loved ones had been treated.

“He was covered in bruises—at least 30 of them. You can’t even touch his head. They hit him in the groin as well, and his legs, his arms, his knees. Everywhere!” Win Khant Maung’s mother said, sobbing.

“He didn’t have a weapon. There was no need for this level of abuse,” she added with anguish in her voice.

Currently, doctors involved in the Civil Disobedience Movement are tending to his injuries. Because he can’t be sent to a hospital, he is being cared for in a religious hall in his ward.

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Anti-coup protester Win Khant Maung receives medical treatment after being tortured in custody. (Myanmar Now)

‘Kill them all!’

March 3 was a day of escalation in the ruling junta’s war on unarmed protesters opposed to its February 1 takeover. Using live ammunition, it killed dozens of people around the country and wounded many more. There were casualties reported in Mandalay, Monywa, Myingyan, Salay and Mawlamyine.

But North Okkalapa, in the northern outskirts of Yangon, is where security forces unleashed the worst violence that day.

It started early, as thousands of people approached the North Okkalapa roundabout to begin another day of protests first thing in the morning. A combined force of soldiers and police blocked their way at the roundabout and the bridge leading into the township.

The protesters slowly backed away rather than face a direct confrontation, but then the crackdown began without warning.

“We were stepping back slowly because we thought we could reason with them. Then, all of a sudden, the soldiers and police got off their trucks. Five minutes later, they started firing rubber bullets and throwing smoke bombs,” a protest leader told Myanmar Now.

Even after five smoke bombs were used against them, the protesters held their ground. That’s when the soldiers started lobbing tear gas canisters. Soon, they moved on to live ammunition.

At this point, the protesters were forced to flee into side streets to escape, their pursuers close behind them.

“They even hit people who let us into their homes. When some of us ran into houses on Nweni 6 lane, they came right inside the houses, swearing and hitting. Hitting people with guns! And kicking them with their military boots,” the protest leader recounted.

Hiding inside, the protesters could clearly hear conversations between the soldiers and police.

“We heard them saying, ‘Can’t you shoot? What are you afraid of? Shoot them all! Kill them all!’” the protest leader said.

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Protesters carry an injured protester. (Myanmar Now)

Mid-day massacre

Three of the protesters were captured sometime before noon, but this didn’t stop the others from regrouping. Using car tires, they set up a barricade near the bridge.

Then, at around 1pm, the soldiers and police started cracking down again, setting the tires on fire and shooting at the protesters, this time to kill.

Htet Aung, a 19-year-old protester, was one of the first casualties. He died of a gunshot wound to the chest, according to a doctor who attempted to save his life.

Min Oo, 20, who was also among the first to fall, was shot in the pelvic region and died at the hospital that evening.

Another unidentified protester was shot in the back after he was caught trying to flee. A video of the incident shows him being kicked after he falls to the ground and later dragged away, possibly dead.

Many near the bridge attempted to escape this killing spree, but were soon captured. More than 100 young protesters were rounded up, and as they were being herded into three military trucks, local residents started shouting, demanding their release.

This was met with another violent—and this time even more deadly—outburst from the security forces.

“When we yelled, ‘Give us the students back,’ they started firing. First they used rubber bullets, then stun grenades. When the crowd dispersed, they started firing with machine guns. We saw these kids in the front drop one by one,” said Ye Kyaw Thu, an emergency volunteer who witnessed the scene.

The soldiers took their positions after getting off the trucks and fired non-stop with semi-automatic weapons, he recalled.

Although they were facing unarmed civilians, the soldiers kept shooting at them like they were enemies on the battlefield, he added.

“Before we could tell everyone to get down, those at the front started to drop. The soldiers used tear gas and machine guns against the crowd for like five minutes. After they threw a few more stun grenades and tear gas canisters, the trucks left,” said Ye Kyaw Thu, who helped get eight victims of this brutal attack to the nearest emergency clinic.

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A policeman shooting at the protesters in Yangon on March 4. (Myanmar Now) 


 

A night of terror and torture

The brutality did not end there. Emergency rescue workers were also targeted, including three who were seen being viciously beaten in CCTV footage that later went viral.

As the three kneeled on the ground near their ambulance, police took turns kicking them and landing heavy blows to their heads and bodies with batons and rifle butts.

Later that night, security forces continued to terrorize the residents of North Okkalapa. At about 11pm, around 20 military trucks entered the township and started firing indiscriminately, according to witnesses.

Most of these vehicles then proceeded to North Dagon township for a raid on the office of the Free Funeral Service Society (FFSS), one of Myanmar’s most respected charities.

In addition to damaging office equipment, soldiers and police also physically assaulted 10 members of the FFSS staff.

A few of the trucks, however, took a detour to the Shwe Pauk Kan police station, where they dropped off eight seriously injured protesters, including Win Khant Maung.

“The military trucks were shooting to clear a path, warning people to stay off the street. Then they dumped the eight injured people in front of the police station,” said a social worker who helped the injured protesters get medical attention.

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Soliders approaching a protest site in North Okkapla township in Yangon on March 4. (Myanmar Now) 

A doctor who attended to Win Khant Maung said his injuries were likely caused by rubber bullets shot at close range.

“These aren’t injuries he received during the crackdown. This was deliberate torture after his arrest. They shot him with rubber bullets. That’s why he has this many injuries,” the doctor told Myanmar Now.

Eight people were confirmed dead from the various crackdowns in North Okkalapa on Wednesday, while another 73 sustained serious injuries, some of them life-threatening.

More worrying, said doctors, is that there have been multiple reports of people unaccounted for. At least some of the missing persons are presumed dead.

According to a UN official, there were at least 38 deaths nationwide on March 3, making it the deadliest day so far in the now month-long struggle to force Myanmar’s junta to restore civilian rule.

 

 

 

Myanmar Now is an independent news service providing free, accurate and unbiased news to the people of Myanmar in Burmese and English.

Announcement came as court postponed the 82-year-old’s third hearing, meaning his request for bail on health grounds was not considered 

Published on Mar 19, 2021
Win Htein arrives for the opening ceremony of the second session of the Union Peace Conference in 2017 (EPA-EFE)

Detained National League for Democracy party stalwart Win Htein is to be tried by a special tribunal of two judges following an order from the military-controlled Supreme Court, his lawyer said on Friday. 

“It was just one judge before, and now there’s two,” Min Min Soe told Myanmar Now. 

“District judge Ye Lwin will serve as chair, and deputy district judge Soe Naing will be a member of the tribunal,” she added.

Win Htein faces up to a 20-year prison sentence for sedition under section 124a of the Penal Code.

His third hearing, scheduled for Friday, was postponed, with the court citing the internet shutdown as the reason because it made video conferencing impossible, Min Min Soe said.

“The arguments will be presented at the next hearing, we applied for bail but since they’re setting up a tribunal for the lawsuit, that will be discussed at the next hearing as well,” she said.

At the second hearing on March 5, Win Htein requested an independent judgement, a meeting with his lawyer, and bail due to his health issues, but the court said those requests would be heard on March 19.

Win Htein, 82, uses a wheelchair and suffers from breathing problems that means he often requires an oxygen tank. He also suffers from diabetes, high blood pressure, hypothyroidism and benign prostatic hyperplasia. 

Min Min Soe was allowed a brief call with her client on Friday to tell him that his hearing had been postponed until April 2.

Aye Lu, the chair of the Ottara district administration council in Naypyitaw, is the plaintiff in the lawsuit against Win Htein. Ottara district is where the NLD’s temporary headquarters are located. 

Aye Lu filed the charge on February 4 and Win Htein was arrested that evening at his home in Yangon. He has been kept in the Naypyitaw detention center and denied visits from his lawyers. 

He was detained after giving media interviews in the wake of the February 1 coup in which he said military chief Min Aung Hlaing had acted on personal ambition when seizing power. 

On Wednesday the military council announced that it was investigating Aung San Suu Kyi for corruption, on top of other charges announced since her arrest.

Many other NLD leaders, party members and MPs have been arrested or are the subject of warrants.

Kyi Toe, a senior figure in the NLD, was arrested on Thursday night in Hledan, Yangon.

 

Myanmar Now is an independent news service providing free, accurate and unbiased news to the people of Myanmar in Burmese and English.

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The country’s military leaders have acted with impunity for decades, but now there is a mechanism to bring them to justice

Published on Mar 19, 2021
Nationwide protests against the coup have been responded with murders, torture and mass arrests by the military regime. (Myanmar Now)

On March 8, U Ko Ko Lay, a 62-year-old teacher, bled to death on a street in the Kachin state capital Myitkyina. He had been shot in the head while protesting the military coup of February 1. That same night, U Zaw Myat Lynn, an official from the National League for Democracy, was taken from his home in Shwepyithar on the outskirts of Yangon and tortured to death. The list keeps growing.

In the more than six weeks since Senior General Min Aung Hlaing seized power, images of soldiers and police officers shooting, beating, and arresting protesters have flooded social media and Myanmar and international news outlets. So far, the regime’s forces have killed well over 200 people (more than half of them in the past week) and seriously injured many more. The junta has also arrested nearly 2,200 people, some of whom, like U Zaw Myat Lynn, have died in custody.

Each day, Myanmar human rights organizations update lists with names, dates, locations, and causes of death. Around 600 police and a handful of soldiers have decided they do not want to be involved in such actions. They have left their posts and even joined the anti-coup movement.

Many soldiers, police officers, and commanding officers are acting with impunity now. But they can face prosecution, not only in Myanmar’s courts but also internationally. Like any country, Myanmar is subject to international law. Because of its history of atrocities, most recently against the Rohingya people, Myanmar is also already subject to special international legal proceedings that apply to the current situation.

The most relevant is the United Nations’ Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar (IIMM). The IIMM was created in 2018 after the Myanmar military’s brutal campaign against the Rohingya people, but it applies to the whole country. Its mission is to investigate “international crimes” from 2011 to the present.

International crimes are generally defined as “widespread and systematic” in nature, involving many victims and locations. These include crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide.

In keeping with its mandate, the IIMM is collecting information on the current situation. In a statement released on February 11 (available in Myanmar here), it highlighted the “use of lethal force against peaceful protesters and the detention of political leaders, members of civil society and protesters.”

More recently, on March 17, the IIMM also called on recipients of illegal orders to share this evidence so that those ultimately responsible for these crimes can be held accountable.

"The persons most responsible for the most serious international crimes are usually those in high leadership positions. They are not the ones who physically perpetrate the crimes and often are not even present at the locations where the crimes are committed,” the head of the IIMM, Nicholas Koumjian, says in the statement (available in Myanmar here).

The crimes the IIMM investigates could be tried in Myanmar courts, courts in other countries, or international courts. International crimes are crimes that are so serious that they are considered to be against the international community, and are therefore not limited to courts in one country.

In other words, an international crime committed in Myanmar—for example, widespread and systematic attacks on civilians—can be tried in a court in another country or in an international court.

The Myanmar military is used to getting away with murder. Decades of well-documented killing, rape, and torture of civilians in ethnic minority areas have gone unpunished. No one has ever been tried for the killing of protesters during previous mass uprisings against military rule in 1988 and 2007.

But this time may be different. On March 4, the International Commission of Jurists said in a statement that “the killing of peaceful protesters by Myanmar’s security forces should be independently investigated as possible crimes against humanity.”

The IIMM is already set up and working. It provides a mechanism for just such an investigation. Those doing the shooting should be aware of this.

For further information:

The Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar (IIMM) on Facebook

International Accountability Mechanisms for Myanmar (learning materials in English, Myanmar, and Karen)

Lin Htet is a pen name for a team of Myanmar and international writers

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A resident said armed forces used drones to monitor the crowd before opening fire on them

Published on Mar 19, 2021
Men carry a wounded protester in Aungban, Shan State, on the morning of March 19 (Supplied)

At least eight anti-coup protesters were killed in Aungban, southern Shan State, during an attack by the military junta on demonstrations on Friday morning, according to the Aungban Free Funeral Service Society.

Sixteen military trucks carrying more than 100 policemen and soldiers arrived at the protest site at around 9:00 a.m. and began shooting at protesters. Seven died at the scene, and another protester who had been shot in the neck was taken to Kalaw Hospital and died by 11:00 a.m.

All eight victims were men. 

The body of the man who died at the hospital was sent to his family’s home, but those who were killed at the protest site were taken away by the junta’s armed forces, a representative of the Free Funeral Service Society told Myanmar Now. 

Aungban resident Nay Lynn Tun told Myanmar Now that police and soldiers had destroyed the doors of nearby homes in order to arrest people, and that at least 10 people had been detained. 

“Initially, police arrived at the site. When the crowd surrounded the police, armed soldiers arrived at the site and began firing,” he told Myanmar Now. “In the coming days, if we cannot gather to protest, we will do it in our own residential areas.”

Since March 13, around 300 volunteer night guards have watched over these residential areas to protect locals from the dangers posed by the junta’s nighttime raids. These forces use drone cameras to monitor the activities of the night guards from 3:00 a.m. until 5:00 a.m. every day, Nay Lynn Tun said. 

He added that hours before Friday’s crackdown, military and police had also used drone cameras to monitor the gathering of protesters in Aungban.

Over the last week, at least 11 protesters have been arrested in Aungban. Only three-- the protesters who were minors-- were released.

South of Shan State, in the Kayah State capital of Loikaw, two pro-democracy protesters were also shot with live ammunition by the regime’s armed forces on Friday. One, 46-year-old Kyan Aung, was shot in the lower abdomen and died from his injuries. The other wounded protester was a nurse, according to eyewitnesses. 

According to a March 18 tally by the advocacy group Assistance Association for Political Prisoners, at least 224 people have been killed across the country by junta’s armed forces since the February 1 coup. Thousands more have been arrested. 

 

Myanmar Now is an independent news service providing free, accurate and unbiased news to the people of Myanmar in Burmese and English.

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